Matanho api ekuchengetedza aunofanira kutora usati watakura mutoro?
Kubirwa kwechigadzirwa, uye kukuvadzwa kwechigadzirwa kunokonzerwa netsaona kana kusabatwa zvakanaka panguva yekutakura zvinhu, zvinomiririra kwete kurasikirwa kwemari chete kumakambani ari muchikamu chekugovera, asiwo kunonoka kwekugadzira kwavo kana kutengeserana.
Nekuda kweizvi, chengetedzo inyaya yakakosha yekuve nechokwadi chekushanda uye kuzadzikiswa kweiyo logistics manejimendi, kana ichionekwa sematanho atinotora kuona uye kuderedza njodzi uye kutyisidzira uye kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa nekubata zvinhu.
Muna 2014, European Commission yakaburitsa nhungamiro dzayo dzakanakisa dzekuchengetedza mitoro yekutakura mumigwagwa, yakagadzirirwa neDirectorate-General yeMobility and Transport.
Nepo nhungamiro isiri kusunga, nzira nemisimboti yakatsanangurwa ipapo inotarisirwa kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa mumabasa ekufambisa nemugwagwa.
Kuchengetedza Cargo
Iyo nhungamiro inopa mirairo uye kuraira kune vanotakura zvinhu uye vatakuri maererano nekuchengetedza, kuburitsa, uye kurodha zvinhu.Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa panguva yekutakura, zvinotakura zvinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa sekudzivirira kutenderera, deformation yakakomba, kudzungaira, kukunguruka, kutsvedza, kana kutsvedza.Nzira dzinogona kushandiswa dzinosanganisira kurovera, kuvharira, kukiya, kana misanganiswa yenzira nhatu idzi.Kuchengeteka kwevanhu vose vanobatanidzwa mukutakura, kuburutsa, uye kutakura chinhu chikuru chinorangarirwa pamwe chete neyoyo yevanofamba netsoka, vamwe vanoshandisa mugwagwa, motokari, uye mitoro.
Mitemo Inoshanda
Mamiriro chaiwo akaiswa mumirayiridzo ane chekuita nemidziyo yekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza gadziriro, uye kuita uye simba rezvimiro zvepamusoro.Mitemo inoshanda inosanganisira:
Transport Packaging
Matanda – Zvirango
Tarpaulins
Shandurai miviri
ISO mudziyo
Lashing uye tambo dzewaya
Lashing cheni
Webhu lashings akagadzirwa kubva kune akagadzirwa nevanhu
Kusimba kwechimiro chemuviri wemotokari
Lashing points
Kuverenga kwemasimba ekurova
Transport Planning
Mapato ane chekuita nekuronga zvekufambisa anofanirwa kupa tsananguro yezvakatakurwa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakaita semipimo yekumisikidzwa uye kurongedzerwa, hukuru hwekuvharira, kumira kwepakati pegiravhiti, uye huwandu hwemutoro.Vashandi vanofanirwawo kuona kuti zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinoperekedzwa nemagwaro anotsigira anosainwa nekupedzwa.Zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinofanirwa kunyorwa, kurongedzwa, uye kurongwa zvinoenderana.
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Mutoro chete unogona kutakurwa zvakachengeteka unotakurwa chero chirongwa chekuchengetedza mutoro chinoteverwa.Vatakuri vanofanirwawo kuona kuti michina inodiwa inoshandiswa nemazvo, kusanganisira kuvharira mabara, dunnage uye zvinhu zvekuisa zvinhu, uye anti-slip mats.Nezve hurongwa hwekuchengetedza mitoro, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa, zvinosanganisira nzira dzekuyedza, kuchengetedza zvinhu, friction factor, uye kukwidziridza.Iwo ekupedzisira ma paramita anoongororwa zvakadzama muEuropean Standard EN 12195-1.Kuchengetedza kurongeka kunofanirwawo kuenderana neKukurumidza Lashing Guide sekudzivirira kupeta uye kutsvedza panguva yekutumira.Cargo inogona kuchengetedzwa kuburikidza nekuvhara kana kuisa zvinhu kumadziro, zvitsigiro, stanchions, sideboards, kana headboard.Nzvimbo dzisina chinhu dzinofanirwa kuchengetwa dziri shoma dzechitoro, kongiri, simbi, uye dzimwe dzakaomarara kana dzakatetepa mhando dzekutakura zvinhu.
Nhungamiro Yekufambisa Mugwagwa neGungwa
Mimwe mirau uye makodhi anogona kushanda kune intermodal logistics uye zvekufambisa, kusanganisira iyo Code Yekudzidzira yekurongedza yeCargo Transport Units.Iyo inonziwo CTU Code, ibhuku rakabatana rakaburitswa neUnited Nations Economic Commission yeEurope, International Labor Organisation, uye International Maritime Organisation.Iyo kodhi inoongorora maitiro ekurongedza uye kutumira kwemidziyo inofambiswa nenyika kana gungwa.Nhungamiro idzi dzinosanganisira zvitsauko zvekurongedza kwezvinhu zvine njodzi, kurongedza kutakura zvinhu zveCTUs, kumira, kutarisa, uye kusvika kwekutakura zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu, uye CTU kusimba.Kune zvakare zvitsauko zveCTU zvivakwa, zvakajairika zvekutakura mamiriro, uye cheni dzemutoro uye ruzivo.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-24-2022
